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Native freshwater
fish species list |
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Qualifiers for New Zealand threat classifications
CD Conservation dependent
Taxon is likely to be moved to a higher threat category if management ceases.
DP Data poor
Confidence in the listing is low due to poor assessment data.
De Designated
A taxon that does not fit within criteria, and which has been designated to the most appropriate listing without the full application of criteria.
EW Extinct in wild
Taxon only known in captivity or cultivation.
EF Extreme fluctuations
Taxon has extreme unnatural population fluctuations, or natural fluctuations overlaying human-induced declines, that increase the threat of extinction. The lowest number of mature individuals is used to determine population size.
HI Human induced
Human induced loss of range.
Inc Increasing
IE Island endemic
OL One location
PD Partial decline
RR Range restricted
SO Secure overseas
Secure in those parts of it's natural range outside New Zealand.
Sp Sparse
Taxa occurs within small and widely scattered populations.
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NEW ZEALAND ECOLOGY |
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NATIVE FRESHWATER FISH |
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New Zealand's freshwater fish fauna is sparse with 41 native species in 9 families, but unique with more than half of the fauna diadromus, and the predominance of 24 species of Galaxias and Neochanna genera in the Galaxiidae family. Five of the Galaxiids are amphidromus, growing from larvae washed out to sea in the autumn, and returning to estuaries as whitebait in spring, when some become familiar to many people in whitebait fritters, an expensive culinary delight. All except five species of the entire fauna are endemic, and many now have a limited range, but the grayling is the only extinct species.
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Order Anguilliformes
Anguillidae (eel) |
Longfin eel Anguilla dieffenbachii [endemic]
At risk - declining CD C(2/1) 2013 |
Shortfin eel Anguilla australis
Not threatened Inc 2013 |
Australian longfinned eel (Spotted eel) Anguilla reinhardtii
Non-resident native - coloniser SO 2013 |
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Order Mugiliformes
Mugilidae (mullet) |
Yelloweye mullet (Yelloweyed mullet) Aldrichetta forsteri
Least concern vers 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
Grey mullet (Striped mullet) Mugil cephalus
Least concern vers 3.1 2014 Not threatened SO 2013 |
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Order Osmeriformes
Galaxiidae (Galaxias, mudfish) |
Alpine galaxias (Canterbury, Marlborough, West Coast)
Galaxias paucispondylus [endemic]
Least concern vers 3.1 2014
At risk - natually uncommon RR 2013 |
Alpine galaxias (Manuherikia River)
Galaxias aff. paucispondylus "Manuherikia"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally endangered OL,DP A(3/1) 2013 |
Alpine galaxias (Southland) Galaxias aff. paucispondylus
"Southland" Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally vulnerable C(3/1) 2013 |
Banded kokopu Galaxias fasciatus [endemic]
Least concern vers 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
Bignose galaxias Galaxias macronasus [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(ii,iii,v) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable RR C(3/1) 2013 |
Black mudfish Neochanna diversus [endemic]
Endangered B2ab(ii,iii) vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining DP C(2/1) 2013 |
Brown mudfish Neochanna apoda [endemic]
Endangered B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining PD C(1/1) 2013 |
Canterbury galaxias (Common river galaxias)
Galaxias vulgaris [endemic]
Least concern vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining DP A(2/1) 2013 |
Canterbury mudfish Neochanna burrowsius [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally critical CD,RR,Sp C 2013 |
Central Otago roundhead galaxias Galaxias anomalus [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv)c(iv) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally endangered EF C(3/1) 2013 |
Chatham Island mudfish (Chatham mudfish) Neochanna rekohua
[endemic] Least concern vers 3.1 2014
At risk - naturally uncommon RR,St 2013 |
Clutha flathead galaxias (Clutha River) Galaxias "species D"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally critical C 2013 |
Dune lakes galaxias (Kai Iwi lakes) Galaxias "dune lakes"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
At risk - naturally uncommon EF,RR |
Dusky galaxias Galaxias pullus [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(ii,iii,iv) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally endangered CD A(3/1) 2013 |
Dwarf galaxias Galaxias divergens [endemic]
Endangered B2ab(ii,iii) vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining DP,RR B(2/1) 2013 |
Dwarf galaxias (Nelson, Marlborough, and North Island)
Galaxias aff. divergens "northern"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
At risk - declining DP A(2/1) 2013 |
Dwarf inanga (North Kaipara Head dune lakes)
Galaxias gracilis [endemic]
Vulnerable D2 vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining EF,RR A(2/1) 2013 |
Eldon's galaxias Galaxias eldoni [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally endangered A(3/1) 2013 |
Giant kokopu Galaxias argenteus [endemic]
Vulnerable A4ac vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining PD B(1/1) 2013 |
Gollum galaxias Galaxias gollumoides [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable DP B(2/1) 2013 |
Inanga (Common galaxias) Galaxias maculatus
Least concern vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining CD,SO C(1/1) 2013 |
Koaro (Climbing galaxias, shortfin galaxias, or
broad-finned galaxias) Galaxias brevipinnis
Least concern vers 3.1 2014
At risk - declining PD C(1/1) 2013 |
Lower Clutha galaxias (Clutha River) Galaxias "lower Clutha"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Data deficient RR 2013 |
Lowland longjaw galaxias (Kakanui River) Galaxias cobitinis
[endemic] Critically endangered B2ac(iv) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally critical CD,EF,OL A(1) 2013 |
Lowland longjaw galaxias (WaitakiRiver)
Galaxias aff. cobitinis "Waitaki" Taxonomically indeterminate
[endemic] Nationally critical CD,RR C 2013 |
Nevis galaxias (Nevis River) Galaxias "Nevis"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally endangered DP,RR A(3/1) 2013 |
Northern flathead galaxias (Marlborough, Nelson, West Coast)
Galaxias "Northern" Taxonomically indeterminate
[endemic] Nationally vulnerable RR C(3/1) 2013 |
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Galaxiidae (Galaxias, mudfish) ... continued |
Northland mudfish (Burgundy mudfish) Neochanna heleios
[endemic] Critically endangered B2ab(ii,iii) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable RR D(3/1) 2013 |
Pomahaka galaxias (Pomahaka River) Galaxias "Pomahaka"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally endangered RR A(3/1) 2013 |
Shortjaw kokopu (Shortjawed kokopu) Galaxias postvectis
[endemic] Endangered A2bc; B2ab(iii,v) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable De,Dp D(1/1) 2013 |
Southern flathead galaxias (Southland, Otago)
Galaxias "southern" Taxonomically indeterminate
[endemic] At risk - declining DP,RR A(1) 2013 |
Taieri flathead galaxias Galaxias depressiceps [endemic]
Vulnerable D2 vers 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable CD C(3/1) 2013 |
Teviot flathead galaxias (Teviot River)
Galaxias "teviot" Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally critical RR A(3) 2013 |
Upland longjaw galaxias (Canterbury, West Coast)
Galaxias prognathus [endemic]
Critically endangered B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) vers 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable DP C(1/1) 2013 |
Upland longjaw galaxias (Waitaki River)
Galaxias aff. prognathus "Waitaki"
Taxonomically indeterminate [endemic]
Nationally vulnerable DP,RR,Sp C(1/1) 2013 |
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Prototroctidae |
Grayling Prototroctes oxyrhynchus [endemic] Extinct |
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Retropinnidae |
Common smelt Retropinna retropinna [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
Stokells smelt Stokellia anisodon [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014
At risk - naturally uncommon RR 2013 |
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Order Perciformes
Eleotridae (bullies) |
Bluegill bully Gobiomorphus hubbsi [endemic]
Vulnerable A4bc ver 3.1 2014
At risk - declining DP C(1/1) 2013 |
Common bully Gobiomorphus cotidianus [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013
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Crans bully Gobiomorphus basalis [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
Giant bully Gobiomorphus gobioides [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened DP 2013 |
Redfin bully Gobiomorphus huttoni [endemic]
Near threatened ver 3.1 2014
At risk - declining PD C(1/1) 2013 |
Tarndale bully Gobiomorphus alpinus [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014
At risk - naturally uncommon RR 2013 |
Upland bully (East Coast South Island)
Gobiomorphus breviceps [endemic]
Least concern ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
Upland bully (West Coast South Island, North Island)
Gobiomorphus aff. breviceps Taxonomically indeterminate
[endemic] Not threatened DP 2013
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Gobiidae |
Glass goby Gobiopterus semivestitus
Non-resident native - coloniser DP,OL,SO 2013 |
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Microdesmidae |
Dart goby Parioglossus marginalis
Data deficient ver 3.1 2014
Non-resident native - coloniser SO 2013 |
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Pinguipedidae |
Torrentfish Cheimarrichthys fosteri [endemic]
Vulnerable A2bc ver 3.1 2014
At risk - declining C(1/1) 2013 |
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Tripterygiidae |
Estuarine triplefin (Cockabully) Forsterygion nigripenne
Least concern ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
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Order Petromyzontiformes
Geotriidae |
Lamprey (Pouched lamprey, or wide-mouthed lamprey)
Geotria australis Data deficient ver 3.1 2014
Nationally vulnerable SO C(3/1) 2013 |
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Order Pleuronectiformes
Pleuronectidae |
Black flounder Rhombosolea retiaria [endemic]
Data deficient ver 3.1 2014 Not threatened 2013 |
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